中国绿色健康网 » 绿色健康 » 10种你未必知道的服药禁忌

bashe13 发表于 2008-9-11 13:19

10种你未必知道的服药禁忌

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在我国，据统计每年有<SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN>万人因服药方法错误而住进<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/life/yiyuan/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>医院</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>，其中<SPAN lang=EN-US>20</SPAN>万人更因此丧命；每年<SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN>万聋儿中也有<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>万是此原因所致。此外，还有很多根本不知道是由于服药方法错误而导致的危险时时在我们身边发生。<SPAN lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<BR></SPAN>　　药品的体积越来越小，功效越来越强，口感越来越好，形状越来越多，包装也越来越精美，可说明书上对服用方法一项的介绍却数十年如一日，始终是那<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>个字：一次<SPAN lang=EN-US>×</SPAN>片，一日<SPAN lang=EN-US>×</SPAN>次，或者再加上一句<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>饭前服用。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　不说别的，单是和对副作用的介绍比起来就简略多了。其实，药品的服用方法是一个和药品副作用同样需要关注的重要问题。如果方式、时间不正确，与<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/health/yinshi/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>饮食</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>的搭配不合理，不仅不利于药效的发挥，还可能导致各种你意想不到的危险。以下就是上镜率最高的十大常见错误服药方法<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　错误一：简单的随一日三餐服药<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　因为药品说明书上简单写着<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>一日三次，饭前服用<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，所以，你每日准时在三餐前服药。错！<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>一日三次<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>是<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>学家根据实验测定出<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>在人体内的代谢速率后规定的，意思是将一天<SPAN lang=EN-US>24</SPAN>小时平均分为<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>段，每<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>小时服药一次。只有按时服药才能保证体内稳定的血药浓度<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>血液中<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>的浓度<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>，达到治疗的效果。如果把<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>次服药时间都安排在白天会造成白天血药浓度过高，给人体带来危险；而夜晚又达不到治疗浓度。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>饭前服用<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>则是指此药需要空腹<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>餐前<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>小时或餐后<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>小时<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>服用以利吸收。如果你在吃饭前刚吃进一大堆零食，那此时的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>饭前<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>可不等于<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>空腹<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　而<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>饭后服用<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>则是指饱腹<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>餐后半小时<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>时服药，利用食物减少<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>对胃肠的刺激或促进胃肠对<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>的吸收。同样，如果你在饭前刚吃进不少零食，也不必教条的非要等到饭后才服药。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　以下是一些需要在空腹或饱腹时服用的常用药：<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>空腹<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　氨苄青霉素、青霉素<SPAN lang=EN-US>G</SPAN>、阿莫西林、红霉素、利福平、息斯敏、胃舒平、大部分中药或中成药等。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>饱腹<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　青霉素<SPAN lang=EN-US>V</SPAN>钾、阿司匹林、安定、复方新诺明、磺胺吡啶、环丙沙星、扑尔敏、帮助消化的胃蛋白酶等。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　错误二：躺着服药<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　躺着服药，<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>容易黏附于食道壁。不仅影响疗效还可能刺激食道，引起咳嗽或局部炎症；严重的甚至损伤食道壁，埋下患食道癌的隐忧。所以，最好取坐位或站姿服药。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　错误三：干吞药<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　有些人为了省事，不喝水，直接将<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>干吞下去，这也是非常危险的。一方面可能与躺着服药一样损伤食道，甚至程度更严重；另一方面没有足够的水来帮助溶解，有些<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>容易在体内形成结石，例如复方新诺明等磺胺类<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　错误四：掰碎吃或用水溶解后吃<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　有些人自己<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>吞<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>不下药或怕孩子噎住，就自作主张地把药掰碎或用水溶解后再服用，这样不仅影响疗效还会加大<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>的不良反应。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　以阿司匹林肠溶片为例，掰碎后没有肠溶衣的保护<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>无法安全抵达肠道，在胃里就被溶解，不仅无法发挥疗效，还刺激了胃黏膜。将<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>用水溶解后再服用也有同样的不良影响。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　所以，除非医生特别吩咐或<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>说明书上写到，否则不要这么做。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　但服用中成药时有所不同。例如对于常见的大粒丸剂，就应该用清洁的小刀或手将药丸分成小粒后用温开水送服。为了加速产生药效，还可以用少许温水将药丸捣调成稀糊状后用温开水送服。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　错误五：用饮料送药<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　正确的方法是用温度适中的白水送药。因为牛奶、果汁、茶水、可乐等各种饮料都会与<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>发生相互作用，可能影响疗效，甚至导致危险。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　例如用果汁或酸性饮料送服复方阿司匹林等解热镇痛药和黄连素、乙酰螺旋霉素等糖衣抗生素，会加速<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>溶解，损伤胃黏膜，重者可导致胃黏膜出血；送服氢氧化铝等碱性治胃痛药，会酸碱中和使<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>完全失效；送服复方新诺明等磺胺类<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>，则降低<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>的溶解度，引起尿路结石。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　用茶送服治疗贫血的铁剂，茶中的单宁酸就会与铁结合，减弱疗效。但以下特殊情况反而有助于发挥药效：<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>绿茶水<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　送服降压、利尿的西药。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>淡盐水<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　送服六味地黄丸、杞菊地黄丸、知柏地黄丸等中成药。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>热姜汤<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　送服藿香正气片、香砂养胃丸等中成药。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>热米粥<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　送服调理脾胃的中成药。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　错误六：对着瓶口喝药<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　这种情况尤其多见于喝糖浆或合剂。一方面容易污染药液，加速其变质；另一方面不能准确控制摄入的药量，要么达不到药效，要么服用过量增大副作用。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　错误七：多药同服<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　多药同服，<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>之间的相互作用就很难避免，甚至还会引起一些你意想不到的麻烦。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>意外怀孕的原因也许不是漏服避孕药，而是在服用避孕药的同时服用了抗结核<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>或防止脑溢血的<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>，导致避孕药失效。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>抑郁症的症状得不到控制也不一定是<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>疗效不好或个体差异，而是在服用治疗抑郁症<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>的同时又服用了抗过敏药。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>导致治疗心脏病<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>失效的原因可能是那些用来治疗咳嗽的甘草片。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>在补充甲状腺素治疗甲低的同时如果又补镁，那甲状腺素就白费了。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　但我们不得不承认，很少有医师在给我们开处方的时候，或药师在卖给我们药的时候询问我们正在服用哪些<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>。所以，如果你怀疑自己正在或即将服用的几种<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>可能产生不良相互作用，一定要主动向医师或药师咨询，但切记不可自行随意停药或换药。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　错误八：喝水过多<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　服药后喝水过多也不行？<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　是的，因为这样会稀释胃酸，不利于对<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>的溶解吸收。一般来说送服固体<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A>1</SPAN>小杯温水就足够了。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　对于糖浆这种特殊的制剂来说，特别是止咳糖浆，需要<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>覆盖在发炎的咽部黏膜表面，形成保护性的薄膜，以减轻黏膜炎症反应、阻断刺激、缓解咳嗽，所以，建议喝完糖浆<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>分钟内不要喝水。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　错误九：服药后马上运动<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　和吃饭后一样，服药后也不能马上运动。因为<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>服用后一般需要<SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN>～<SPAN lang=EN-US>60</SPAN>分钟才能被胃肠溶解吸收、发挥作用，期间需要足够的血液参与循环。而马上运动会导致胃肠等脏器血液供应不足，<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>的吸收效果自然大打折扣。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　错误十：服药期间不注意<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/health/yinshi/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>饮食</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>禁忌<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　不是只有中药才讲究<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/health/yinshi/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>饮食</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>禁忌，西药也是一样。服药期间不合理的<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/health/yinshi/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>饮食</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>会降低药效，严重的还可能危及生命。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　以下提供了一些常用<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>服用期间的<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/health/yinshi/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>饮食</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>禁忌<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>降血压药、抗心绞痛药<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　服用期间忌喝西柚汁、忌吃含盐高的食品。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　因为西柚汁中的柚皮素可以影响肝脏中某些酶的作用，而这种酶恰与降血压和抗心绞痛<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>的代谢有关。以治疗心绞痛<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>费乐的平为例，一杯西柚汁就能让体内的血药浓度上升<SPAN lang=EN-US>134%</SPAN>，相当于服了<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>倍多的药，明显过量，大大增加副作用。而食盐则会引起血压升高，降低降压药的疗效，同时加重心绞痛的程度。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>治疗头疼药<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　服用期间忌饮酒。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　因为酒精进入人体后需要被氧化成乙醛，再进一步氧化成乙酸代谢掉。而此类<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>会妨碍乙醛氧化成乙酸，导致体内乙醛蓄积，加重头痛症状。同时，酒精还易让人昏昏欲睡，会与这类<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>中大都含有的巴比妥成分的药效重叠。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>抗抑郁药、痢特灵、抗结核药、抗肿瘤药<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　忌吃奶酪、香蕉、油梨、豆浆、啤酒等含酪胺较多的食物。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　抗抑郁药的作用机理是抑制体内的单氨氧化酶<SPAN lang=EN-US>(MAO)</SPAN>。但这种<SPAN lang=EN-US>MAO</SPAN>抑制剂容易与酪胺发生反应，产生去甲肾上腺素，聚集过多将使血压异常升高，表现出恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、呼吸困难、头晕、头痛等不良症状，而且抗抑郁的目的也无法完成。痢特灵、有些抗结核药<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>如雷米封等<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>和抗肿瘤药<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>如甲基苄肼等<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>中也都含有<SPAN lang=EN-US>MAO</SPAN>抑制剂，碰到含有酪胺的食品，都容易出现麻烦。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>苦味健胃药、助消化药、中药<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　忌吃糖或甜食。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　因为苦味健胃药和助消化药主要通过刺激末梢神经，反射性分泌唾液、胃液等消化液，以达到助消化、促食欲的作用。糖或甜食会掩盖苦味、降低药效。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　对于中药来说，糖或甜食还容易与<SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.1zan.com/drug/" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>药物</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN>中的很多成分发生反应，减少有效成分含量，降低药效。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>钙补充剂<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　忌食含草酸丰富的菠菜、茶、杏仁等。因为草酸在小肠中会与钙结合，产生无法吸收的不可溶物质，在阻碍钙的吸收的同时还可能形成结石。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>铁补充剂<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　忌食过多动、植物油脂。因为油脂会抑制胃酸的分泌，影响三价铁离子转变为二价铁离子，不利于胃肠道对铁的吸收，削弱补铁补血效果。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　<SPAN lang=EN-US>●</SPAN>碘补充剂<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　忌食菠菜、桃、梨等。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR></SPAN>　　因为这些食物会阻碍碘进入甲状腺。<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>`L Qy3Hu T*whmn9R
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